UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Study
“A randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led therapeutic carbohydrate and energy restriction in type 2 diabetes”
Jonathan P. Little, Ph.D. Sean McKelvey, Cody Durrer, PhD
A recent randomized, controlled clinical study, led by the University of British Columbia and sponsored by the Institute for Personalized Therapeutic Nutrition, evaluates the impact of a Pharmacist-led therapeutic carbohydrate-restricted diet (Pharm-TCR) on type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants in the Pharm-TCR group were asked to follow the Ideal Protein weight loss diet plan, supplemented with whole foods.¹
The primary objective of the study, published in Nature Communications, was to determine if a Pharm-TCR diet can safely reduce and/or eliminate the use of glucose-lowering medications and lead to improvements in A1C, body composition, cardiometabolic health, and quality of life.² Of the 188 patients that participated in the 12-week study, 98 patients followed a Pharm-TCR diet, and 90 patients received treatment as usual.*
Reported Primary Outcomes for Pharm TCR patients after 12 weeks
of patients experienced discontinuation of glucose lowering medication (p < 0.0001)
reduction in A1C (p < 0.0001)
reduction in fasting plasmaglucose (p < 0.0001)
reduction in triglycerides (p < 0.0001)
reduction in total body weight* (p < 0.0001)
reduction in waist circumference (p < 0.0001)
reduction in BMI (p < 0.0001)
reduction in body fat percentage (p < 0.0001)
As stated in the 2019 Diabetes Care report, “low-carbohydrate eating patterns, especially very low-carbohydrate (VLC) eating patterns, have been shown to reduce A1C and the need for antihyperglycemic medications.”³
*Treatment-as usual defined as: given information pamphlets on diet and lifestyle conforming with 2013 Diabetes Canada (formerly the Canadian Diabetes Association) Clinical Practice Guidelines.
¹ Durrer, C., McKelvey, S., Singer, J. et al. A randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led therapeutic carbohydrate and energy restriction in type 2 diabetes. Nat Commun 12, 5367 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25667-4
² Durrer, C., McKelvey, S., Singer, J. et al. Pharmacist-led therapeutic carbohydrate restriction as a treatment strategy for type 2 diabetes: the Pharm-TCR randomized controlled trial protocol. Trials 20, 781 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-019-3873-7
³ Evert AB, Dennison M, Gardner CD, Garvey WT, Lau KHK, MacLeod J, et al. Nutrition therapy for adults with diabetes or prediabetes: a consensus report. Diabetes Care. (2019) 42:731–54. doi: 10.2337/dci19-0014
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